University botanyi is a comprehensive textbook for students of. Apogamy, apospory and parthenogenesis in the pteridophytes. Botany for degree pteridophyta top results of your surfing botany for degree pteridophyta start download portable document format pdf and ebooks electronic books free online rating news 20162017 is books that can provide inspiration, insight, knowledge to the reader. Apospory definition of apospory by the free dictionary. Ethnomedicinal uses of pteridophytes of vindhyan region m. Pteridophytes or pteridophyta, in the broad interpretation of the term, are vascular plants plants with xylem and phloem that reproduce and disperse via spores. Bower, produce aposporous prothallia in connexion with the sporangia, which latter never in this plant reach maturity, but their peripheral cells.
This pdf version does not have an isbn or issn and is not therefore effectively published melbourne code, art. The entire plant of this species is used as medicine in ayurveda, sidha and unani. Dec 05, 2016 pteridophytes are vascular plants and have leaves known as fronds, roots and sometimes true stems, and tree ferns have full trunks. Pteridophytes ferns and fern allies the plant list. M kinetin kn showed earlier development and produced higher numbers of aposporous. Apospory is the development of gametophyte directly from sporophyte without formation of spores. The modern classification of pteridophytes have been suggested by many scientist according to the sporne1975 pteridophytes have been classified into six classes. However, the pteridophytes differ from mosses and seed plants in that both generations are independent and freeliving. Some pteridophytes are aquatic and some are epiphytes. Apogamy, apospory, and parthenogenesis in the pteridophytes w. Pteridophytes may represent the closest living relatives sister group to the seed plants. The sexuality of pteridophytic gametophytes can be classified as follows. In vitro induction of apospory and apogamy, and direct field establishment of aposporous gametophytes and subsequent sporophyte.
Unlike apogamy, apospory is of sporadic occurrence in nature and only a few ferns have been shown to display this phenomenon consistently. Apospory is the formation of a gametophyte from vegetative cells of the sporophyte. Sometimes deviation in the regular alternation if generations. The development of a gametophyte directly from a sporophyte without the occurrence of meiosis or spore formation. Like reptiles first true land animals that evolved. In addition to the normal life cycle using meiosis to. With the commencement of monsoon about mid june, the ferns and fernallies start growing vigourously and luxuriantly. Various animals use the fronds as food while birds and small creatures use the plants for cover. Apogamy is the development of a sporophyte directly from the gametophyte without the intermediate formation and fertilization of gametes. Pteridophytes constitute a significant and important group in the plant kingdom. Rakesh jena rated it it was ok feb 24, free pdf ebooks users guide, manuals, eingh about boany pandey jain botany book pdf download ready for download search result for singh pandey jain botany book pdf download list of ebooks and manuels about singh pandey jain botany book pdf.
Haeckel 1866 called these groups of plants as pteridophytes because of their pinnate or feather like fronds leaves. Pteridophyte definition of pteridophyte by merriamwebster. International research botany group 2017 international. Jul 28, 2006 in vitro induction of apospory and apogamy, and direct field establishment of aposporous gametophytes and subsequent sporophyte development has been accomplished. In 1880, the cryptogams of the plant kingdom were divided. The different species of selaginella are grown as the garden plants. Ebook botany for degree pteridophyta as pdf download. Pteridophytes general characters ppt general characteristics, life cycle and reproduction of pteridophytes ppt what are pteridophytes.
Some of the most important characters of pteridophytes are as follows. The pteridophytes ferns and fern allies pteridophytes are vascular plants and have leaves known as fronds, roots and sometimes true stems, and tree ferns have full trunks. Apospory in pteridium aquilinum was found to have several novel features, in particular the rapidity of its occurrence. Nov 07, 2019 apospory in pteridophytes pdf admin november 7, 2019 november 7, 2019 no comments on apospory in pteridophytes pdf the investigations in pteridophytes probably of most interest and importance ing of apogamy and apospory, it is important to define these terms at the outset. Read the introductory remarks and list of characteristics of the bryophytes p. Stelar theory, components of stele, different types of steles in plants, protostele. Pteridophytes introduction, authors and addresses, systematic list, glossary, and key to tribes. Leaves that produce spores are called sporophyll and leaves that do not produce spores are called tropophyll. Characteristics of pteridophytes, morphology of pteridophytes, reproduction of pteridophytes, homosporous and heterosporous pteridophytes, megaspore and microspores, gametophytes of pteridophytes, fertilization, zygote and embryo of pteridophytes, life cycle. Useful notes on the classification of pteridophytes. Pteridophyte definition is any of a division pteridophyta of vascular plants such as a fern that have roots, stems, and leaves but lack flowers or seeds. Jun 24, 2019 the investigations in pteridophytes probably of most interest and importance ing of apogamy and apospory, it is important to define these terms at the outset.
Pdf efficient induction of apospory and apogamy in vitro in silver. Some of the characters of pteridophytes are as follows. They are psilopsida, psilotopsida, lycopsida, sphenopsida, pteropsida and progymnospermopsida. Pteridophyte definition of pteridophyte by the free. Pronunciation of pteridophytes with 2 audio pronunciations, 1 meaning, 5 translations, 1 sentence and more for pteridophytes. This is made apparent by the phenomena of apogamy and apospory, cases of which have been recorded many times in pteridophytes since they were first observed in 1874. Stelar evolution of pteridophytes sporangial organization. Efficient induction of apospory and apogamy in vitro in. A good portion of the image references used here tap fine image resources for nonflowering vascular plants.
Sumita, assistant professor, department of botany, pggc11, chandigarh. Ferns, lycopods, and scouring rushes are all pteridophytes. Apogamy, apospory, and parthenogenesis in the pteridophytes. Examples include ferns, h slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. Jan 23, 2017 occurence most of the pteridophytes are terrestrial and grow in moist and shady places while some flourish well in open, dry places especially in xeric conditions selaginella lepidophylla. Characteristics of pteridophytes, morphology of pteridophytes, reproduction of pteridophytes, homosporous and heterosporous pteridophytes, megaspore and microspores, gametophytes of pteridophytes, fertilization, zygote and embryo. Ethnomedicinal uses of pteridophytes of kumaun himalaya upreti, et al.
Heterosporous megaspores important in species identifications and gametophyte development is endosporic. A concept based exclusive material pteridophytes, gymnosperms. Stelar evolution in pteridophytes ppt types of steles and its evolution in pteridophytes ppt what is stele. Apospory formation of gametophytes without meiosis chapter 14. Any of numerous vascular plants that reproduce by means of spores rather than seeds, including the ferns and related plants such as horsetails, and. May 09, 2020 apospory in pteridophytes pdf posted on may 9, 2020 by admin the investigations in pteridophytes probably of most interest and importance ing of apogamy and apospory, it is important to define these terms at the outset. Pdf laboratoryinduced apogamy and apospory in ceratopteris. And among the first of the plants to truly live on land were the pteridophytes. Pteridophytes biology encyclopedia plant, body, different. What is apogamy and apospory biology plant growth and. Rakesh jena rated it it was ok feb 24, free pdf ebooks users guide, manuals, eingh about boany pandey jain botany book pdf download ready for download search result for singh pandey jain botany book pdf download list of ebooks and manuels about singh pandey jain botany book pdf download enter search terms.
As they produce neither flowers nor seeds, they are referred to as cryptogams. Most pteridophytes are terrestrial plants and thrive well in abundant moisture and shade while some flourish well in open, dry situations especially in xeric conditions. Life cycles of lycopodium, selaginella, equisetum, adiantum and marsilea. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. Second quarter report of pteridophytes bhutan has good resources of biodiversity in both vascular and nonvascular plants. As in seed plants, the greatest diversity of pteridophytes is found in the tropics, with only about six hundred species adapted for life in temperate climates. But, this biodiversity is getting depleted day by day due to countrys modern economic development. Pteridophyte definition of pteridophyte by the free dictionary. Some other uses are ferns provide natural vegetation thats important to both wildlife and birds. The investigations in pteridophytes probably of most interest and importance ing of apogamy and apospory, it is important to define these terms at the outset. The pteridophytes are an economically important group of plants. The printed version, however, was effectively published on 6 june 20.
Similar to the life cycle of seed plants, the pteridophytes also involves the alternation of generations in its life cycle. Spores that are produced by pteridophyta are located in spore box which is known as sporangium. Experimental studies of apospory in ferns oxford academic. It is speculated that life began in the oceans, and through millions of years of evolution, life slowly adapted on to dry land. In addition, in pteridophytes, the gametophyte is often very thin and can be unistratose, especially at the margins yatskievych, 2003. Apogamy is a type of plant reproduction in which sporophyte diploid phase is produced from the gametophyte haploid phase without fertilization. When a gametophytic cell, an antherozoid, a rhizoid, a sexorgan, etc. International research botany group 2017 international botany project international research botany group international botany project non profit research institute research service botanical team recycled paper free for members of international equisetological association. Ferns, horsetails often treated as ferns, and lycophytes clubmosses, spikemosses, and quillworts are all pteridophytes. Therefore pteridophytes are no longer considered to form a valid taxon, but the term is still used as an informal way to refer to ferns, horsetails, clubmosses and whisk ferns. Pteridophyta is the most highly evolved group among the cryptogams. Some pteridophytes are aquatic marselia, azolla and some are epiphytes ophioglossum pendulum. In its farina it produces the cytotoxic and anticancer compound dihydrochalcone.
Both apospory and apogamy are considered as the abnormalities of plant life cycle. Both apospory and apogamy are considered as the abnormalities of plant. It appears likely that all apomixis in plants is facultative. A few pteridophytes are aquatic while still others are epiphytes. Firstly all the botanists divided the plant kingdom into two large groups cryptogamia and phanerogamia, linnaeus 1754 used the term cryptogams for the first time for those plants which did not possess visible sex organs. Ebook an introduction to pteridophyta as pdf download. In ferns, seedless vascular plants of the monilophyte clade, both generations are free living. Ethnomedicinal uses of pteridophytes of vindhyan region. Seed plants include the angiosperms, the conifers, and a smaller assortment of other plants.
Besides having various medicinal properties, the pteridophytes are also employed for a variety of commercial and environmental purposes. Pteridophytes have little leaves microphyll and large leaves macrophyll. Furthermore, in hymenophyllous ferns, the sporophyte is. Because pteridophytes produce neither flowers nor seeds, they are sometimes referred to as cryptogams, meaning that their means of reproduction is hidden. Any plant of the division pteridophyta, of simple vascular plants that reproduce via spores rather than seeds and that alternate generations of diploid sporophyte and haploid gametophyte or prothallus forms, the diploid generally being larger and more conspicuous. The function of tropophyll is to only photosynthesize. Fronds in the largest species of ferns can reach some six metres in length. Ebook botany for degree pteridophyta as pdf download portable. A pteridophyte is a vascular plant with xylem and phloem that disperses spores. Ethnomedicinal uses of pteridophytes of kumaon himalaya. The destruction of green forest and stock taking from natural resources is an imminent need. Most of the pteridophytes ferns and fernallies show their luxuriant and vigorous growth during the rainy season particularly in the hilly regions usually above 1400 m altitude.
Pteridophyta characteristics, life cycle, classification. Most pteridophytes are terrestrial and grow in moist and shady places while some flourish well in open, dry places especially in xeric conditions. Algae, fungi, bryophyta and pteridophyta name author. Apospory in pteridophytes pdf the investigations in pteridophytes probably of most interest and importance ing of apogamy and apospory, it is important to define these terms at the. An introduction to pteridophyta top results of your surfing an introduction to pteridophyta start download portable document format pdf and ebooks electronic books free online rating news 20162017 is books that can provide inspiration, insight, knowledge to the reader. The sporophyte is the conspicuous and familiar plant body. Status of pteridophytes india 500 species of ferns and 100 species of fern allies other than the order of fillicales are on record from india pteridophytic flora of india comprises of 67 families, 191 genera and more than species including 47 endemic indian ferns, and 414 species of pteridophytes 219 at risk, of which 160.
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